Serial Peripheral Interface – Master/Slave with FIFO
The DSPI_FIFO is a fully configurable SPI master/slave device, which allows user to configure polarity and phase of serial clock signal SCK.
It allows the microcontroller to communicate with serial peripheral devices. It is also capable of interprocessor communications in a multi-master system. A serial clock line (SCK) synchronizes shifting and sampling of the information on the two independent serial data lines. The DSPI_FIFO data are simultaneously transmitted and received.
The DSPI_FIFO is a technology independent design that can be implemented in a variety of process technologies.
The DSPI_FIFO system is flexible enough to interface directly with numerous standard product peripherals from several manufacturers. The system can be configured as a master or a slave device. Data rates as high as CLK/4. Clock control logic allows a selection of clock polarity and a choice of two fundamentally different clocking protocols to accommodate most available synchronous serial peripheral devices. When the SPI is configured as a master, software selects one of eight different bit rates for the serial clock.
The DSPI_FIFO automatically drive selected by SSCR (Slave Select Control Register) slave select outputs (SS7O – SS0O), and address SPI slave device to exchange serially shifted data. Error-detection logic is included to support interprocessor communications. A writecollision detector indicates when an attempt is made to write data to the serial shift register while a transfer is in progress. A multiple-master mode-fault detector automatically disables DSPI output drivers if more than one SPI devices simultaneously attempts to become bus master.
The DSPI_FIFO supports two DMA modes: single transfer and multi-transfer. These modes allow DSPI_FIFO to inter-face to higher performance DMA units, which can interleave their transfers between CPU cycles or execute multiple byte transfers.
The DSPI_FIFO is fully customizable, which means it is delivered in the exact configuration to meet users’ requirements. There is no need to pay extra for not used features and wasted silicon. It includes fully automated testbench with complete set of tests allowing easy package validation at each stage of SoC design flow.
The DSPI_FIFO is a technology independent design that can be implemented in a variety of process technologies.

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- SPI Master
- Master and Multi-master operations
- Two modes of operation: SPI mode and FIFO mode
- 8 SPI slave select lines
- System error detection
- Mode fault error
- Write collision error
- Interrupt generation
- Supports speeds up ¼ of system clock
- Bit rates generated 1/4 - 1/512 of system clock.
- Four transfer formats supported
- Simple interface allows easy connection to microcontrollers
- SPI Slave
- Slave operation
- Two modes of operation: SPI mode and FIFO mode
- System error detection
- Interrupt generation
- Supports speeds up ¼ of system clock
- Simple interface allows easy connection to microcontrollers
- Four transfer formats supported
- Fully synthesizable
- Two DMA Modes allows single and multi-transfer
- In the FIFO mode transmitter and receiver are each buffered with 16/64 byte FIFO's to reduce the number of interrupts pre-sented to the CPU
- Optional FIFO size extension to 128, 256 or 512 Bytes
- Available system interface wrappers:
- Static synchronous design
- Positive edge clocking and no internal tri-states
- Scan test ready
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- Embedded microprocessor boards
- Consumer and professional audio/video
- Home and automotive radio
- Low-power applications
- Communication systems
- Digital multimeters
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rxrdy 
txrdy 
 datai (7:0)
 rd
 wr
 addr (1:0)
 cs
datao (7:0) 
 ss
 scki
scko 

| Pin | Type | Description |
| mi | input | Master serial data input |
| si | input | Slave serial data input |
| datai (7:0) | input | Data bus input |
| rd | input | Processor read strobe |
| wr | input | Processor write strobe |
| addr (1:0) | input | Processor address lines |
| cs | input | Chip select |
| ss | input | Slave select |
| scki | input | SPI clock input |
| mo | output | Master serial data output |
| so | output | Slave serial data output |
| rxrdy | output | Receiver ready output |
| txrdy | output | Transmitter ready output
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| datao (7:0) | output | Data bus output |
| scken | output | SPI clock output enable |
| sso (7:0) | output | Slave select outputs |
| int | output | Interrupt request |
| soen | output | Slave output enable |
| scko | output | SPI clock output |

rxrdy 
txrdy 
 datai (7:0)
 datao (7:0)
 rd
 wr
 addr (1:0)
 cs
 scken
 ss
 sso (7:0)
 int
 soen
 scki
 scko

Shift registerIt is a central element in the SPI system. The system is single buffered in the transmit direction and double buffered in the receive direction. This fact means new data for transmission cannot be written to the shifter until the previous transaction is complete; however, received data is transferred into a parallel read data buffer so the shifter is free to accept a second serial character. As long as the first character is read out of the read data buffer before the next serial character is ready to be transferred, no overrun condition will occur. When an SPI transfer occurs, an 8-bit character is shifted out on data pin while a different 8-bit character is simultaneously shifted in a second data pin. Another way to view this transfer is that an 8-bit shift register in the master and another 8-bit shift register in the slave are connected as a circular 16-bit shift register. When a transfer occurs, this distributed shift register is shifted eight bit positions; thus, the characters in the master and slave are effectively exchanged.
RX FIFOThe Rx FIFO can be 64 (128, 256, 512) levels deep, it receives data until the number of bytes in the FIFO equals the selected interrupt trigger level. At that time if interrupt is enabled, the DSPI_FIFO will issue an interrupt to the CPU. The Rx FIFO will continue to store bytes until it is full, and will not accept any next byte. Any more data entering the Rx shift register will set the Over-run Error flag.
TX FIFOThe Tx portion of the DSPI_FIFO transmits data through SO/MO as soon as the CPU loads a byte into the Tx FIFO in Master mode. In Slave mode the transmission is started after correct edge of the SCK signal. The DSPI_FIFO will prevent loads to the Tx FIFO if it currently holds 64 (128, 256, 512) characters (depending on SFCR(5) bit value and selected FIFO size). Loading to the Tx FIFO again will be enabled as soon as the next character is transferred to the Tx shift register. These capabilities ac-count for the largely autonomous operation of the Tx
DMA ControllerTXRDY, RXRDY - Transmitter and Receiver DMA signaling are available through this two pins. When operating in the FIFO mode, one of two types of DMA signaling per pin can be selected via SFCR3. When operating as in the SPI Mode, only DMA mode 0 is allowed. Mode 0 supports single transfer DMA where a transfer is made between CPU bus cycles. Mode 1 supports multi-transfer DMA where multiple transfers are made continuously until the RCVR FIFO has been emptied or the XMIT FIFO has been filled.
Control RegistersThe Control Registers module contains all DSPI internal data, control and status registers.
SPI Data Register- (SPDR) the SDPR is in fact double register - write only transmitter data register and read only receiver data register.
Control Register may be read or written at any time, is used to configure the DSPI system. This register controls the mode of transmission (Master, Slave), polarity and phase of SPI Clock and transmission speed.
Status Register (SPSR) contains flags, indicating the completion of transfer or occurrence of system errors. All flags are set automatically when the corresponding event occur and cleared by software sequence.
Slave Select Control Register configures which slave select output should be driven while SPI master transfer. Contents of SSCR register is automatically assigned on SS7O-SS0O pins when DSPI master transmission starts.
FIFO Control Register (FCR) available only in DSPI_FIFO mudule equipped with the transmitter and receiver FIFOs. FCR containc control bit configuring the receiver trigger level, enables FIFO mode, defines FIFO size and enables DMA mode.
SPI ControllerSPI Controller manages the Master/Slave operation and controls the transmission. The SPI Controller manages the transmission speed and format (Phase and polarity). Controller is also responsible for generating of interrupt request and detection of transmission errors.
SPI Clock LogicSoftware can select any of four combinations of serial clock (SCK) phase and polarity using two bits in the SPI control register (SPCR). The clock polarity is specified by the CPOL control bit, which selects an active high or active low clock and has no significant effect on the transfer format. The clock phase (CPHA) control bit selects one of two fundamentally different transfer formats. The clock phase and polarity should be identical for the master SPI device and the communicating slave device. In some cases, the phase and polarity are changed between transfers to allow a master device to communicate with peripheral slaves having different requirements. The flexibility of the SPI system on the DSPI allows direct interface to almost any existing synchronous serial peripheral.

Each core has been tested in variety of FPGA and ASIC technologies. Its implementation's results are summarized below.
| Implementation | Area [LC] | Clock [MHz] |
| CYCLONE | 281 | 181 |
| CYCLONE-II | 282 | 189 |
| CYCLONE-III | 279 | 178 |
| STRATIX | 281 | 195 |
| STRATIX-II | 257 | 331 |
| STRATIX-III | 253 | 310 |
| STRATIX-GX | 281 | 204 |
DSPI_FIFO implementation results for ALTERA devices. All features have been included.
| Implementation | Speed grade | Area [Slices] | Clock [MHz] |
| SPARTAN-III | - | 185 | 99 |
| SPARTAN-IIIE | - | 194 | 106 |
| SPARTAN-III AN | - | 194 | 108 |
| VIRTEX-E | - | 185 | 99 |
| VIRTEX-II | - | 185 | 158 |
| VIRTEX-II pro | - | 185 | 170 |
| VIRTEX-IV | - | 188 | 196 |
| VIRTEX-V | - | 190 | 200 |
DSPI_FIFO implementation results for XILINX devices. All features have been included.
| Implementation | Speed grade | Area [LUT/PFU] | Frequency [MHz] |
| EC | - | 503/169 | 115 |
| ECP | - | 503/169 | 104 |
| XP | - | 503/169 | 95 |
| ECP2 | - | 502/169 | 161 |
| ECP2M | - | 315/163 | 162 |
| SC | - | 507/164 | 268 |
| XP2 | - | 315/163 | 132 |
DSPI_FIFO implementation results for LATTICE devices. All features have been included.
| Implementation | Speed grade | Area [TILES] | Frequency [MHz] |
| FUSION | - | 696 | 86 |
| ProASIC3 | - | 698 | 86 |
| ProASIC3e | - | 698 | 86 |
| IGLOO | - | 698 | 44 |
| IGLOOe | - | 698 | 44 |
DSPI_FIFO implementation results for ACTEL devices.
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